Causing of fluctuations in working pressure of a boiler

What are the causes of fluctuations in working pressure of a boiler? (AP_BOE_2010_P_1)

1. **Fluctuation in load:** This is a common cause of boiler pressure fluctuations. When the demand for steam increases, the boiler pressure will drop as the boiler tries to generate more steam. Conversely, when the demand for steam decreases, the boiler pressure will rise.

2. **Hunting of turbine governor:** The turbine governor is a device that controls the speed of the turbine. If the governor is hunting, it means that it is constantly opening and closing the steam valve, which can cause the boiler pressure to fluctuate.

3. **Variation in Load management system:** The load management system is responsible for distributing the steam load among multiple boilers. If there is a problem with the load management system, it can cause one or more boilers to operate at an off-optimal load, which can lead to pressure fluctuations.

4. **Sudden change in fuel & air ratio:** The fuel-air ratio is the proportion of fuel to air that is burned in the boiler. If the fuel-air ratio changes suddenly, it can cause the boiler to produce more or less steam than is needed, which can lead to pressure fluctuations.

5. **Simmering in boiler any safety valve:** A safety valve is a valve that opens automatically to release pressure if the boiler pressure exceeds a certain limit. If a safety valve is simmering, it means that it is leaking slightly, which can cause the boiler pressure to fluctuate.

In addition to these causes, there are other factors that can also contribute to boiler pressure fluctuations, such as:

* **Improper blowdown:** Blowdown is the process of removing a portion of the boiler water to prevent the buildup of impurities. If blowdown is not done properly, it can lead to fluctuations in working pressure.

* **Faulty valves or controls:** Faulty valves or controls can also cause fluctuations in working pressure. For example, a leaking steam valve can cause the boiler pressure to drop. Similarly, a faulty feedwater regulator can cause the boiler pressure to fluctuate.

* **Boiler fouling:** Boiler fouling is the buildup of deposits on the boiler’s heat transfer surfaces. These deposits can reduce the boiler’s efficiency and cause the working pressure to fluctuate.

* **Corrosion:** Corrosion is the gradual deterioration of metal due to a chemical reaction. Corrosion can weaken the boiler’s structure and cause the working pressure to fluctuate.

* **Leaks:** Leaks in the boiler’s steam lines or water lines can also cause the working pressure to fluctuate.

If you are experiencing fluctuations in the working pressure of your boiler, it is important to identify the cause of the problem and take corrective action. Failure to do so could result in a boiler failure, which could be dangerous and costly.